Harvard MBA manager’s information handles ability
A, the information collect
□ The basic principle of information collections
Information or data these two phrases respond to use a realm dissimilarity, but have different definition.Comprehensive general remark and English are hermeneutic and the information should include the following contents:
(1)Fact, true(FACT):The original feature own by affairs pointed to still haven’t yet to”process”.
(2)News, notify(INFORMATION):Point from inform since then, have already led the fact that a certain degree tidy up.
(3)Sense, intelligence(INTELLIGENCE):Point from experience or the fact of reasonableness reason logically but creation or the thinking method.
(4)Knowledge(KNOWLEDGE):Point from the detection and the thinking but output of systematize concept.
(5)Report(REPORT):After pointing to through fact investigate, the record of do result and conclusion.
(6)Data, record(DATA):All writings recording down after pointing to gather together fact.
(7)Report way, rumours(NEWS):Point lately and there is the fact of news value, with factually inform to this.
□ Collect motive
Answered first before the governor start collect data a few questions are as follows:
(1)Which concrete datas do you want to get?
(2)Which data must have?
(3)Which unexpected places may hide to there is target data?
Don’ting divide a main time and having no a purpose forever is collect data of the person most easily makes of trouble.Elephant you ever not know a demand which informations, but collected a month result in a row similar to understand don’t understand similar, always think want ～only persistence collections, can peg out a target;In fact the opportunity extremely minute of this kind of in fortune lap emergence.The result of end BE, you face the data of a heap of”all useful”s, but don’t know and should use what.
□ The system tidy up
Collect motive in of the example may be unwell to used for each governor, however if the careful deliberation carry on of step, in fact can induce five principles:
(1)Detection not and usually of thing.Need not heart observation, become inured to the unusual is the opportunity to lose of many people of reason.Say with the Japanese, expected ago in 80’s, often had many loverses opposite in the traditional cafe and sit, they since not confabulation, also not”cast glances of love”, the root was cold and cold rightness.Why did the person of thick feeling sweet idea enter cafe to change in pattern?If someone can understand further, may discover another consumption market very much.
(2)Personally experience personally.In 1988, Japan releases deluxe domestic car SIMA, each selling price is up to 5,000,000 yens, but oddly popular, become the most popular type of car of that year.Many people all in the deliberation among them of reason, but the employee of each medium try very hard the name, accessories, function dozen that the ground rounds car to turn and at least have half of reporters to connect car is what appearances all don’t know, wove various reasons to persuade a reader.In fact this car the biggest advantage is it has slightly female body outline of”sexy curve”, fit together the current of time of emphasize the Body Concious, the machine product of the certificate”feminization” contains market.From Xu”the show just doesn’t go out, can know a world matter” of you, sometimes should also exercise to go out and see, in case is hoodwink by the second-hand data.
(3)Retroactivity.Any thing has it of time process, elephant each kid has similar parents, grandparents, great-grandparents, no one would ……without basis come out come of, the governor wants to pursue his living background, close relatives, then can understand the child’s behavior pattern.Other matters manage too.
(4)Extend space.In the narrow environment, many thinkings drive the result for squeeze, result in its essence vanish gradually, the quick in action for consider disappears disappearance.With it does the bitterness think, rather see the process of another section in own section?Trap with it in the profession industry, rather see other professions?See other nations?Build a cart behind closed door will fail forever.
(5)Use an illustrated manual table method association of thought.When the governor feels thinking confusion, had better take out a paper pen, write down a key word or draw some sketches, lend visible diagram thoughts in writing to test, inspire himself/herself with own viewpoint.In fact from the personal computer in nowadays of universality to see, very may personal original viewpoint importation computer, etc. accumulation certain degree, again make use of the ambulation function of computer to examine, classification these speculation.While using a computer sorting speculation, might as well at each[one] code in at first order of 1 line, English letter of alphabet, national phonetic alphabets all can, with convenient index with categorize.
Certainly, if feel the usage computer is inconvenient and use a card processing is also a kind of method, just each card can write an affair, just will not confuse.
□ The collections plan
Any work has beginning and coda, particularly have to even have the consciousness of “cut a draft” under the sistuation that the special subject type collect data,
Then can efficiently catch up work progress.Generally should draw up a reasonable plan while collect data, ignore is the collections of the special subject type data or long-term, have to have a stage processing, probably divide three steps:
1. Set “product” type
If is a long-term data collections work, the governor wants to make sure in the future the data create file of contents and form;If is the data collections of special subject type, even want to consider will use the method of these datas in the future, then want first a feature of decide end”product”:
(1)Explain by oral communication still does the writing form report report a result?
(2)The written report by hand writes can;
(3)Does the written report have to type a processing?
(4)Want to consign written report printing press to print into small volume?
(5)Is there necessity of have no image datas, such as additional photograph, slide and videotape…etc.?
2. Reasonable dispensation time, talented person and budget
The most simple data collections method, be make a phone call to ask toward the relevant personage, but arrive library to take data, arrive the bookstore buy the way that the book then can immediately act.Also someone throws in a big pen financial power and manpower and in large quantity collect an information everywhere outside the world.To adopt what way list with personal or demand and financial power of group but settle, there is no the provision of rigidity.
3. Carry on “work process management”
An unit how draw up suitable timetable to carry on a progress management is the hard nut to crack which lets governor’s headache.Basis working experience, the enactment term is a progress management of main purpose.
(1)Want to judge whether data of prepare the collections is ample or not;
(2)Want the specially assigned be responsible for, explicit division of labour;
(3)Want clearly work progress of show everybody, and investigate whether it has already complete or not.While chasing this form importation computer, then print, making use of various sign to note different work progress, having variety, again use the progress circumstance of the computer correction.There is this general chart, everybody’s workload is clear at a glance, can be used as a reference of check the wages.
□ Collect a principle
It even is personal work while collect data, should also have a set of work rule.Once starting collect, will discover in great quantities complicated of, various of and the specification is different data like tidewater sort the ground is everywhere flow out now, particularly carry on a work by group form, come to hand of the data be more confused.At this time, the work rule is the only tool that can handle this kind of confusion condition.
Unify the format is the main contents which draws up work rule, only unify a format in the division of labour the more and more thin modern work, then can develop a professional division of labour in the meantime with comprehensive performance these two kinds of advantages.Generally, unify the format can begin from following 4:
1. Unify contents specification
According to experience, the enactment of contents specification had better use a writing to item by item describe with record, empty the effect of elucidation would be evanescent and the written in black and white then can save a certificate.
2. Unify to use paper specification
The collections work of any data till the last and all wants to handle ending with the paper noodles and ignore an opportunity of handle the data again many, again progress, there is no paper noodles data help, or can hardly carry on a processing.At the 80’s transacted an automation fever to just rise of time, the many peoples all announced paper and will from now on disappear in the office and the automation machine will replace paper to become lately spoil of the office.In fact, word processing machine and personal computer are indeed as expected come lately spoiling.But these machines swallow to vomit of amount of paper, generally drown office such as the flood.
Wanting to mix processing A, B two paper specifications is troublesome, put on the whole in same file of size clip or the bookcase, would be also not even, so the conservatory and written data still unifies to use an A type paper more and easily handles.In fine, must decide first to use unify of paper size before begin to work, is the most ideal specification certainly an A?4, however, still keep wanting the root to depend on a work a demand but settle.Anyway unifying to use paper specification must with exaltation work efficiency for principle, can’t anti- guest is lord.
3. Unify a machine manufacturing the specification of the data
The form which ignores data have how much kind, always need to choose to record with a kind of medium while carry on collections.”Listen to the person talk” is also a kind of method, but exactitude and record length of medium in”brain” be not only limited and suspicious, so people just invent a writing pen
Way of record;But break traditional writing medium the tool of the form is the record medium of the electronics information for the last few years.First become the star of the electronics information record machine is tape recorder, personal computer, word processing machine, video recorder…etc. respectively.Although various new record machine of different function, model continuously takes place,these are can’ting also convert to with each other use in the medium in the development, on the specification more disunity, so also want to choose the specification of electronics medium while starting collect data.In addition, each medium good and bad each difference, each have strength, so once coming to a decision a certain electronics medium will have one decision for using exactly, don’t in mid course and arbitrarily convert.Like say now someone makes to get material tool with the tape of VHS size, also someone use the 8 cm videotape record data, if both mix to use, at whole up will appear big confusion.
Similarly, if data collections from work the group together complete, so when everyone use different computer specification a processing an information and deposit disc, with the result that finally turn to save a database would be certain to take place biggest difficult.So the collections ex- specification unifies a sorting, perhaps want to spend some time more to consider with design.
4. The data for collect had better be an original document
The data is similar to any rumours, rumor, want ～only through hand, must how much meeting change in character, creation the effect of”incorrectly pass on a mistaken message”.
Even is the different report way which handles the same piece of affair, in the article should the same key will also appear difference and this be also the reason that the governor wants to read a quite a few newspaper everyday.Therefore, at collections, quote from cultural heritage and reference, must adjust an original document, never quote from “the other people’s adduction text”.Although so would be troublesome, but is the results all equal severity that the important principle of collections and usage data misemploys second-hand data.Therefore must find out the most original source while collect data, even can not find an original piece, also want to understand a circumstance, confirm fact.
Two, the information collections want Shu
□ The purpose of information collections
1.The purpose of tidy up lies in shortenning “index time”
In a brief, the “sorting” takes shortenning “index time” as an aim, with lift high-efficiency is purpose.Is “inspectional time” what mean?In fact it is the appropriation word of computer and point:From the search, search until acquire the whole process of data in time cost.While for example being you while compose, meeting the word that can’t write, from left a desk to take dictionary and arrived to turn over to open dictionary to find out the vocabulary that you want, time cost by in the interval, then can call°as”index time”.If only for the sake of bookcase external appearance of clean and neat and beautiful, but categorize with the size of book while tidy up, externally look perhaps very beautiful, but when you want to find out the data need, but want rather a fee is some kind of complicated.Whereas, don’t take size as a classification standard, but arrange in order with the category of bookcase, although the outward appearance looks cave and convex gravamen, very in great disorder;But see with the standpoint of “index purpose”, can develop the real effect of bookcase, attain the effect of half effort and double results.
2. The information sorting wants to take”personal need” as center
For”personal” but the information sorting for make, need not consider the position of others, want ～only oneself convenience usage, whether how the other people’s viewpoint is or not, so be the best sorting method.For example:The cover of encyclopedia, originally is for the sake of beauty with collect but design, if you throw away all of it, be used as an own pillow, and the place that the whole set of book’s put be easily seeing, even draw the fixed position of each book on the bookcase, this be the good way of doing.Certainly putting a set of encyclopedia on bookcase or fireplace of living room is certainlyagain good however of decorations.Really shouldn’t so treat encyclopedia, but, if stand on the encyclopedia of original meaning up, you of the method just really is “the thing exert it to use”.After all, demand encyclopedia, total can obtain desirable data by the most short time.
In tidying up information, once the worry is too many, can’t develop effect.Have to take”ego need” as a principle while tidy up,
And take shortenning index time as a purpose, then can design 1 set to suit an own sorting method thus.But, give a lot of care the sorting method of design, even don’t three miscellaneous and other factors, after practice, but what detection need inspectional time want than sorting longer ago.Therefore, this sorting method will studied again afresh.
3. While starting collect an information, don’t the emergence which hopes to have “perfect article”
Information sorting’s trying hard for a simplification is the best method.Newspaper clipping, see part of think the demand, immediately tore down, then stick newspaper clipping on the blank page paper, etc. accumulates to the back of a certain degree, consider again re- categorizing a sorting.Just started, should consider first”what kind of information iner keeping with oneself?”Wait a factor, then order a standard of collections, also want a Teng precious time to complete it.But, if discover to leave “perfect article” still finally to have a distance, will lose power very.
Receive to advise each governor, first through the collections of a period of time, then tidy up these informations, never think”this be the perfect information”.After all, in the information the sorting, “perfect” is the state that can’t attain.In fact, if have”for acquire detailed and complete
Of the information sorting but devotion be excessive of time of the person be absolutely a simpleton”of approbation mental state, again do an information sorting, can mostly get
The heart is in response to the hand, half effort and double results.And practice make perfect, gradually also can even efficiently tidy up an information.Constantly improvement after,
Can not fail to design a best sorting method, take into under the different condition applied, exertive it of effect.For example, for can efficiently tidy up complicated business, you engage in mental drudgery and design 1 to get dint assistant-”information index secretary”, it makes you be able to quickly acquire the information that you need while work.
4. The information collections take”completion purpose” as point of departure
“Information index secretary” is a basis effective demand design of.Have to there is careful earnest attitude while collect each kind of information.The information collections also wants to stress “thing have their order of priority”, there is no the consciousness of completion purpose, collections of the information doesn’t have any meaning.
5. The standard of information collections
The collections method of “the rather short Wu lack” can make you acquire a lot of data.But, this be the not very wise method.Why?This kind of elephant takes off the mustang of Jiang ground collections information, the light’s sorting have to cost very long of time, don’t say a “usage”.”Please
Not and without intermission storing to save an information, positively deciding the taking or rejecting of data is positivelyalso a kind of intelligence.”Believe a lot of experienced persons all will be strong
Adjust this principle.The standard of taking or rejecting is an university to ask.While collecting an information, “taking or rejecting standard” is a very difficult matter and usually make mental state baffling while collect information.So the suggestion governor doesn’t want to practices “give up standard”, but practice “adoption standard”.The ordinary people all have the mental obstacle of “acquire to easily throw difficult”, practice “adoption standard”, more can mental appearance according to ordinary people.However, the point of “the adoption be standard”, don’t use in the beginning, but the data collected to the back of some one degree, again according to”why so do” and then the execution”adoption standard”, at this time data collections had function.
Information collections and sorting all take”ego purpose” as a premise.Have to do the cent of this kind of”the purpose realize” once in a while
Type, then again with the data that”adoption standard” need when tidy up, thus in no case will produce the harassment of data taking or rejecting.Complete data
Collections, because taking or rejecting standard different, can’t make use of “adoption standard” in time, this just has collections consciousness, still nothing of have
The efficiency ground tidies up data.
□ The characteristic of information collections
The information like living creature anywhere develop with extension at any time;Particularly to modern people, information of limitless, like huge ocean.The governor gets hold of early everyday, evening newspaper, the word for add count so many;Take in the car what to see be an advertisement;The company inside official document, telephone, business data,such as tidewater, flows through hands;See hear while take a rest of exert and being a book, magazine, television program, broadcasting videotape 厖 connect a new of all of computer manuals be one members of informations household.These count it doesn’t exert of the data seem to be to be good enough to drown a person, but actually has been think to have nothing to do with work the data mostly can be able to take a glance namely throw, want in the information society over the health living, in addition to courageous taking or rejecting solid have no his method.
Ignore is a how important data, if only keep a lately- come to hand form, certain meeting because of performance the dissimilarity of way and medium, but can’t induce with application.The data which hasn’t yet a sorting can’t raise a work efficiency.
1. The work efficiency turn
Many people can not help pleased and last tip of brow while having a first taste of a data sorting the sweetener of the Shu, but this kind of pleasant sensation make many people gradually data
The sorting sees as the habit but enjoy.Certainly the everyone contains different habit, but can’t mistake habit for a work, otherwise very easy again return to waste energy with nonsense a little bit original up.
Many people without limit newspaper clipping, stick a report and create file, this is completely a habit.Say to the work, data sorting as long as can attain to need can find out necessary data to go.Perhaps you feel, if time-consuming fee money shear to save some unnecessary newspaper and return to rather do some to oneself the life has a constructive matter more.The data sorting isn’t an information the purpose of the work.It is to tidy up various different specification data all alone, then take in to make use of on the work to develop whole function;The end purpose of data sorting is a “work”, not”sorting”.So the governor must find out some rules in the collections of the data, take this as weapon, or the creation be sold very well a product, or find out more beneficial business opportunities.Create a benefits absolutely is the end purpose of information work.
2. Tidy up with preservation
The data sorting can is divided into a “sorting” and”take care of” two parts.”Data sorting” is to pass to return back to file, methods such as newspaper clipping and index etc., be engaged in “sorting preservation technique”.However the preservation technique of this kind of sorting mostly rehabilitates of work.Pass a processing, make hereafter can quickly and expediently acquire necessary data when it’s necessary.Although this technique is important, more important of is how will gather together of the data take in to live to use.There are a lot of book concerning”data sorting”s on the market, but over-emphasize the technique of sorting preservation, easily lose of one-sided.Therefore, quickly convenient data sorting while giving attention to both to live to use data and taking to use Shu, can be treated as data sorting and preservation work of two greatest motive.
□ The technique of information sorting
Often leave a displeased felling in the brain of governor in pursue the technique perfect process of the information sorting, this meeting influences the progress of work.These fellings include to be throw away of whether data really don’t need or not?While clearly remembering some useful data, but coming to use record don’t get up, say don’t export …….It easily makes thinking confusion and makes the work come amiss, with the result that the wave take a lot of time, more serious is the cost which increases a work.Therefore, ideal data sorting method, can let the person keep equanimity, pleased mood, and efficiently carry on a work, then want to match “data physiology”.
1. Data physiology
Anyone while work, brain all in the operation, the condition of brain work is it of physiology condition;Data sorting of purpose is maintain a brain clear with lucidity.For the sake of sorting the thinking of the brain, have to find out the regulation of data physiology.But, the mankind’s thoughts and feelings is always random but fragment, have no systematic management for turn, particularly is make person the surprised time usually produces new speculation, close behind again forget.These new speculations don’t necessarily can use right away, but if can use a set of method to take into exploitation, may tidy up the plan of a set of integrity very much.
Want to make these have no chapter miscellaneous disorderly, have no the viewpoint of order of sequence to change meaningful, orderly, have the systems of thought of layer, the most important tool is a language, but expressional most means then writing literary piece.So, the data work can also say to be the work which handles a problem with”language” prop.In spite of being document, book or newspaper is in spite ofan all phonetic information source.Use a systematical method sorting data, try to convert into the society in general use rule, this be”data work”.But the rule root of whiskers of the data sorting design according to the thinking method of brain, then create the data physiology of sorting system.This successful spoon that is the efficiency chemical engineering to make key.The person has sloth, would not like to handle a troublesome matter.Therefore must consider this kind of characteristics while designing a data sorting a method.
2. The realization is low cost and high-efficiency
“Low cost” with”high-efficiency” is two basic concepts that the governor wants to keep firmly in mind at any time.The foundation of business behavior is to create the biggest benefits by minimum investment and the information works too.Take sorting document as an example, general the paper system file sold on the market clip about 10 dollars, if have 500 data, spend 500 dollars, having 2000 will spend 2000 dollars, and deposit the cupboard of file,
Only being these hardwares will about several 1000 dollarses, very wasted to private data sorting, but yield results how but still can not know;Many people’s giving up sorting data is because of this factor.
Efficiency as far as, in addition to inspecting and taking to want to be quickly with the data, tidy up, conservancy data of the speed even wants consideration.Usage from buy on the market of when the file clip, still have to beat hole machine to beat hole with the document, stick the previous catalogue again, fill up the contents of data.In addition still have to do the data of different specification to unify a processing, the each procedure is all tedious and time-consuming and tidy up data each time of not quick, let everybody to feel at wasted life.Time and time again so of take a lot of doing to consume after, many people all can’t hold out for long time a ground of sorting data, therefore must get to find out low cost but again not the wave take a lot of time of the preservation system of the data sorting.
3. Unify the meaning of specification
Say on the Holy Bible:”To not let the person communicate each other together construct this high tower, in case decrease divine authority, the absolute being lets the all people start say the language of dissimilarity, no longer mutual communication voice interest, and quarrel ……”.This well-known Ba don’t the story of tower, explained in the modern society, if information specification disunity, people easily make mistake and can’t communicate.This kind of stupid example all has everywhere, say with the videotape recorder and the VHS system, until just have already unified into VHS trend recently, obviously the BETA system has been already become outdated, but is canning also buy the product of BETA system on the market.This kind of manufacturer lacks compatibility and almost equal “Ba don’t tower” of modern.However the VHS sound quality really has no BETA of good, the Japanese television company uses regularly BETA to take, but:
Whether information specification unify or not, don’t lie in the quality of more various specification, but the compatibility which values a specification;Lack the specification of compatibility, would the bar the majority at liberty uses an information.
Also appear a same problem on the keyboard design of personal computer.The most universal JIS keyboard also nots agree with to match physiology now, so someone invent one multifarious use the keyboard of thumb.But once acquainting with this kind of design, using a person almost will not use an international in general use computer or typewriter.This good elephant whether English is a second to none language, as long as it is an international language for a day, study English is the basic request of modern business person.Choose to use a computer keyboard also similar, ignore function quality, all have to the usage most people be in general use and and permit of model.
Choosing specification of use the most people usage is the basic condition of data sorting.The square one which tidies up a work unifies specification, the paper, document of different size are very difficult processed;Oneself company and section use at least of computer, word processing machine, should unify the format, size of document and report.The specification unifies to be the most important principle in information work, but physically collect of data unavoidably have size, length, the square circle be different, so have to in advance unify specification.
Three, the information collect technique
□ The personnel data collects technique
To obtain an information from the body of”person” the most valid method is a face to face communication;Pass this method, can get in touch with and confirm the words of communication object go, this”person” becomes the most beneficial source which acquires an information.
Want to communicate beard to notice five basic techniques with person face to face:
1. Decide to meet object
Find out a suitable consultation candidate, in fact not easy.Ignore is in advance a pure interview to still keep wanting to invite the other party match, all want to do preparation, relevant the data square away, draw up to ownly visit a purpose, and write down some important points to remind themselveses.Then again analytical the list collect, find out a suitable candidate.This preparation work relate to hereafter face to face communicate of success or failure, can’t despise.
2. Sign agreement
Sign agreement is a the biggest difficult situation in the face to face communication way.In regard to the other party, this is 1 he can not do of work, can disappear of appointment.For no reason make a phone call to sign agreement with person, the successful opportunity isn’t big, person, who particularly don’t acquaint with to a vegetable,’s wanting within several minutes complicated motive oneself is particularlyhermeneutic to know, really very difficult.Many persons who hold the post of marketing business a work must all have this kind of experience.Emit the flavor makes a phone call to contact not to acquaint with of person, sometimes give the other party the rude felling, sometimes might as well consider telling by letter first.
3. Prepare a work
Investigate background and profession of communicate the object first to know before meet, collect relevant of data;If the other party once had a work publication, briefly browsed, if the work of the other party was a lot of, will remember to browse the first with publish recently of the books and periodicals.
4. Have drafted a problem memo
Time of communication can’t grow too much, so have to have at most the plan of the meeting of the in a short time completion.Remember on page 1 of notebook before set out, write down most be eager to the basic problem for answer, be used as a memo.
5.Actual of the meeting communicate
If meeting of time be an hour, fore 30 minutes inside, must finish ask all at full cock questions, and record important point on the notebook.Certainly have a talk process in, if the other party allow, can also use a tape recorder, but must keep notes.
□ The magazine data collects technique
1. Procedure of collect data
To data worker to say, at medium report each affairs of way, the affairs has already become past tense;Know these past details has no use, important is a worker have to record event from these in the middle, develop can discover sharp feeling and ability to make judgment of renewal thing.
The magazine article really has publicity the function of trend for ages and the big headline of much newspaper or bus advertisement is also implicit to have this information, particularly being the advertisement which aims at young man, housewife or occupation a female can’t even neglect, and the new trend in ages always marvellously presents on these Human bodies.Run into the article that oneself like while reading a magazine, will stick down the source and the headline, hereafter want to use find out again.In addition to professional, the ordinary people want to buy the magazine of academic and perhaps and all want to pay a some fundses and time cost;Had better read the magazine that oneself like first, the other specially professional data then wants to wait to use to the last man look for again.Cope with inflation’s best way of magazine information is to at once read, many people always bought a heap of magazine to put on the desk, read for a day, two days and arrived the end only throws ;So the reading magazine should embrace the attitude of “do not read now, hereafter have no opportunity”, extrude time to handle, don’t helplessly looking at the new magazine continuously enters a door and study the pressure continuously enlarge.
2. The taking or rejecting method of magazine data
The taking or rejecting of the magazine data and the method of the newspaper are mutually some, basic principles are all little to take the unnecessary, and the brave give up.The otherwise collecting a heap of can’t tidy up of data, exertive not assistance work of function.Each topic ability to the data that should arrive already full be to be, relevant of each article doesn’t necessarily have to keep, must obey this principle:As occasion arise, just thoroughly look for don’t want can’t of data.
While collect data, the choice has relation with topic, data topic of article.Thus the data of the collections is just real to have use value;Collect data with own interest, profession and experience, just unlikely excessively vague.Insist this kind of taking or rejecting principle, major in own profession, can must find out numerous data.The data toring down from the magazine, immediately use to nail book machine to nail like, stick down magazine name and publish date…etc., end again put information kit into the bag form inside.After storing a period of time thus, each information kits are like a book, at wait for someone, etc. car, might as well take out data to investigate 1 time, again decide whether these articles has the necessity of conservancy or not.
3. Collect an academic sex magazine data
In addition to newspaper, magazine, also having not a few data sources can make use of, elephant stock exchange, private collect a library all of etc.s is the data sources that can use.As for the latest information of academic aspect, then want to begin from the academic magazine;Particularly is the forerunner’s science technique most, researcher in all countrieses all contend for to divide Duo second competitively fight for, some people will by hook or by crook fight for same research priority of topic, because this not only relates to personal reputation of scientist, but also is closely related with modern science and industrial technique and obtain the priority then can obtain invention power, then can also get wealth.The scientist fights for priority currently and all take announcing time of thesis in the authority academic magazine as quasi-;Check the latest science and technology information is the only method.Have in this magazine representative’s have:”Nature”, “Science”, “the National Academy of the Proceedings of Science”…etc..Subscribe this magazine, contact with act for a book a company, can hardly buy at ordinary times, otherwise have to arrive the government large library or particular think factory library to look for.
□ The book data collects technique
1. Find out first to purchase a dog’s-ear method
Generally purchase a dog’s-ear method to have 8:00:
(1)Choose particular bookstore.Make selection in numerous bookstores several house more meets an own demand, then periodical go to”cruise a store”.To spend some the decoration method that time acquaints with a bookstore bookcase hereafter seek a book will be much convenient.
(2)Choose professional bookstore.Although some bookstores are small,the meeting marketing be special of the book grow and the bibliography is even stiller well-found than large bookstore.Such as can find out the bookstore which corresponds with own research topic, then will create a many benefitses.
(3)Make use of telephone confirmation.Had better make use of a telephone first to inquire toward the bookstore while discovering the book that oneself need from the advertisement or other outlets, in case bite on granite but return.
(4)Search toward the publisher.Say by ordering a book, after 1 and 2 weeks receive a book is a matter often, get hold of to also often see not fresh after a month.If meet with an urgent demand the circumstance of the book, really teach a person anxious;If circumstance specially urgent hour, might as well directly make a phone call with the publisher contact, understanding market of circumstance after, again in person arrive the bookstore buy.
(5)Mail order.If have no idea to find out the book that oneself need in the bookstore, can directly purchase ° from publisher;Might as well in advance agree on to send the postage of express delivery or prompt delivery letter along together goes into, so short date inside can immediately get hold of a book.Generally speaking, so the successful comparison is about 70%, must inform intention of own urgent demand toward the other party while ordering a book, so the publisher would feel horary pressure, quickly is you processing.
(6)Directly buy.If the words connecting to mail order time to all want to reduce, as long as there is book in certain publisher, oneself can run 1 to buy.Say to the person who lives in the city, this on the contrary and most saves time.
(7)Check book catalogue.The domestics all will publish annually a book year form, record all publication dog’s-ear book titles, author, publisher, time…etc. in the year before whole country down, might as well make use of this kind of tool more while seeking a book.Many bookstores will also prepare that these books provide general reader’s reference.
(8)Can also search an old version book toward the publisher.Often find out the very worthy old book data of 2 and 30 year agos when the library seek data, want buying this kind of book seems to and can go to an old book stand to look for it, can seek to get be still an unknown.In fact in addition to in addition canning also try to ask whether publisher has stock or not, if lucky find out, can often buy this kind of it a not easy reference book with the very low price, but these book if be a very likely to be prestige in the old book stand not thin of.
2. The choice makes use of region library
The public library is in aid of to collect data, and consumedly produce result.At although the industrial and commercial circles personage of forefront makes use of the opportunity of library few, if the library is only limited by to borrow to read popular novel or when expect the words of magazine, really very pitiful.Now the reading room of public library, almost have already become the appropriation space of “do not study of read a book a student”, these students take this public space writing industry and carry on the back a textbook, really very wasted, in no circumstances, the library still keeps taking serving a reader as an aim.
Want to find out 1 to collect abundant, use convenient library isn’t an easy matter, real useful library combine not much.How choose library?Should emphasize to consider seven conditions:
(1)The history is long.Time that the library establish is long more, the possibility which collects an ancient version book, out-of-print book is big more, particularly even all there is already no the book of stock in publishers, very probably old libraries all have.
(2)The library is abundant.If a library quantity of library there are no the words of 7-120,000 volumes, can the utilization will be very low.Believe
Interest work, be want to find out an own target information in much good data.If the amount of data isn’t enough at first, talked to not and up sieve.
(3)The book mean the valuable book is a lot of.The library specially seals a processing of must be a valuable book, this be what can not find on the market.
(4)Own the reference room of good environment.Make reference to deposit in the room of mostly is a covariance, year Jian, Suo version, list of persons, annual report, map etc. book, data, these be personal hard burdens or buy the book that the recovery hide, so the good library must have good reference environment, particularly have to have an employable book managing person to provide a consultation.
(5)Employment good book managing person.A good managing person, in fact be seek a book expert, he always uses serious, the attitude of value to treat a reader to pay no attention, not and definitely speak of of problem.A good managing person the elephant be a library, he not only own abundant book knowledge, but also must have extremely good of patience.
(6)Can let the reader in great quantities lend the library of book.A good library at least can let the reader lend five books at a time.
(7)Open building for time.After ideally openning building for time at least till 8:00 P.M., and the day off must open, this to office worker or personal to say, is all evangel.
The university attaches to establish of the library is also an important information source.Some library livings to open to the alumni and in the school, some then will open the community;Will make use of the person of university library, mostly all good command of data the person of the collections.If want to collect the data of particular profession, might as well look for toward library and data center of social group;Some business enterprises even have an own small library, is also a convenient data source.The specialized museum also has the function of library, the staff member of museum and book a managing person similar, all have ability of release the Yi, is the information source that can’t neglect.
3. Effectively make use of the method of library
For obtaining the most informations from the library in most short time, governor in response to professional before work well to prepare a work.The general libraries all use a very traditional classification method now, and can’t all bag the book of augmentative new realm to grow, many people can not find a book in the library, the sometimes isn’t personal wrong, but the problem of library classification.
The book card of the general library form about BE:
(1)Categorize according to book;
(2)Of the author;(the pen row a preface)
(3)Book title.(the pen row a preface)
4. Regulation of collect data
Seek data in the library, mostly can let the reader copy, however want to in great quantities copy, particularly is run into very difficult at buy on the market of book, always need to spend up one big time of segment wait for and copy.Library usually duplicator fixedly in a certain specification in order to unify a charge;If copy specification and the specification dissimilarity for collect data, will increase sorting up of difficulty;If need to be copy in great quantities, after might as well borrow out oneself the book to begin to copy again return book, can save some troubles.Want to notice to ownly copy size in the meantime, compare to rule that the size is small to O.K. tidy up, if the size be too big, have to fold, hereafter browse inconvenient.
Four, the information tidy up technique
The bag type blocks a case sorting technique
The data sorting system must in brief arrive to connect the most afraid troublesome of the persons all can keep on an usage, can’t consume to take a lot of time and the procedure be tedious. Many people all may have very much thus of experience, the data piles up on the desk like mountain, drawer inside very heavy then, oneself want of document but how also can not find, through a period of time, the data more gathers more many, many people more don’t wish a whereabouts reason, so embrace data day after day;Even very not easy bought a file cabinet, miscellaneous disorderly have no the document of chapter also similar to garbage, not deposit.
About in 20 year agos, Mr. Wang hasn’t tidy up of in the data, only the document, draft be 1, fold a Gao 60
Cm, grow 2 meters, breadth 40 cm”paper mountain”.This”mountain” has his interview notes, relevant data, receipt and pay tax a certificate, small manual etc., have no similar can throw.Result he each time seek data will result in to”landslide” once, collapse a mountain each time, collapse more painful once.Day after day and finally and one day, Mr. Wang make a firm decision, wish must have way to come to valid processing these data.
He first want what to consider is the rule which establishes “paper mountain” of a sorting;What condition under, can easily handle data.These conditions mainly include 5:
(1)Can deposit the space of data not big.Have to attain the purpose of “use minimum space”;
(2)Completion low costly sorting system, had better don’t more than 1000 dollars, the in order to prevent influences own”private savings”;
(3)This system has to immediately unify each kind of size of data;
(4)This system want the data that can let oneself quickly find out a demand;
(5)This system can accept hereafter establish again of the file be liberal, can’t close.
Think these five conditions in brain, the eye hopes a paper heap, he wish, if get up with the penalty envelop bag, press a type of alignment, as long as throw into data and then go, isn’t this the most simple way?”The bag type file system” was born so.In fact thinking method and other of this kind of way’s creating file a method doesn’t have too big difference, just don’t need to spend much money to buy a lot of files to clip, can low costly the completion create file;In the meantime any data all can”originality” ground’s throw doesn’t then and not need to add to stick any surplus paper into the paper bag.But the paper bag can then use currently the most widespread “Cape type the 2nd” bag, this kind of paper bag can buy everywhere, the data which connects an A4 type put go in.This be a kind of complicated but exhausting treatment, convenience, save time and don’t waste financial power.
Bag type file the most basic operation method slice the of envelope bag reverse side part first to 2 cms, then catalogue in sealing the bag positive left to write, put data again into bag then.Although the method is simple,the bag type system can’ted compare with other system of advantage.
□ The document data tidies up technique
1. Courage of decide on the spot
Various document data, telephone message, the plan form, progress book, manifold, memo…etc. just and step by step drown the governor’s work environment.The ages overflowed in the information, any documents all want through two kinds of choices:
(1)Whether have the necessity of conservancy sorting;
(2)Whether should abandon.Will decide a processing right away after considering these at 2:00.
The time limited efficacy of taking or rejecting is count for much, the many peoples all feel doesn’t matter, can after a while do again, but once having a next time, tomorrow, the mind in the end of the month, the person will not handle it;Want to save the viewpoint of “temporarily reserve” never, don’t handle now, hereafter make a day of it each time, the effort of processing have to increase 100%.
2. “The side reads that the side throw” method
The “can’t handle” sometimes equals “hard put a processing” and have no the standard of taking or rejecting in the heart.Tidy up should control a basic principle:
The data that the future can once more obtain at that moment will throw away.
To commercial circles personage to say, newspaper, the top of the magazine already publicly general data, the utilization rate isn’t high, is on the contrary some numeral, description of unspoken chapter be real useful informations.Computer and telephone fax now of the communication function makes widely available more and more, a talk on the phone or the computer on-line can get of the data can throw .Perhaps on second thought, as long as shear very necessary data to save down, other descriptions don’t see all right.Newspaper and magazine share space very much, had better be simultaneously read simultaneously tore, shear, mow, finished read, should stay of have already finished handle, other send into an ashcan to settle a dispute.
While getting hold of data, the courage should summon up to cut off, attain an eye, brain, hand to counteract.Only such, just will not work in”garbage”.
3. Abandon copy of surplus data
The duplicator makes widely available more and more, the function is diverse more, and afterward one of the fruits’ being “garbage data” is many more.”Information big current” that people often say isn’t diverse information to overflow with, but the same information again appears.The grand occasion of this kind of”repeated information” because duplicator of universal but more previous floor.
While have to copy, as far as possible the exploitation contract function or two-sided copy to as far as possible save a resources.
4. Note source
Any the data which want to keep have to note source before putting into the information kit.Note the source is to want to mark on the data:Who, when, where.In addition to the function of the function excellent computer or intelligent fish-eye memory source of the word processing machine, generally still want depend handwritten to record data source, particularly while copying dog’s-ear parts of data, this procedure more indispensability.Must copy cover and copyright page down while copy parts of books;The newspaper, magazine data must then mark clearly newspaper, magazine, date, author or issue unit.Other business documents at least stick down date before conservancy, in the days to come as long as turn over to see the daily record can look up to attend meeting a person.
5.copy the original name of document
Generally speaking, many memo papers of companies all print name or marking of have the own company, copy data can also own to the originality of the name copy.Can make use of computer or word processing machine tee off a cm of the breadth of 1 of, stick in the duplicator with the transparent tape of above or under, so any documents for copy all will print the last, the document automatically had an identity certificate.Make use of computer or word processing machine to write the person of letter, document now more and more, on the contrary be in need of special features, might as well make use of to copy, print last and own.
6. Create the form that the specification turn
Use the form that the specification turn, will let the data processing work carry on more smoothly.Often declare the fixed form of the form, wages detailed statement, quotation form…etc. with the fare in the office, but in personal aspect top the form almost been similar to.General stationery supplier or printing press’ aring very difficult is personal different design to also supply various different forms separately;And generally personal want to beg printing press to accept to make very few quantity but diverse form, have to also pay very high price.In fact if can use flexibly word processing machine or duplicator, the same can design an appropriation form for oneself.
7. The regulation of”the sorting of document data”?
The sorting of document data includes seven regulations:
(1)The information-based society almost equals “document society”, so across into the business social square one be want to be good at making use of document data;
(2)The document data is all the time and all placed in to repeat, the Jing ground of deluge, to not let of no value data bar work efficiency, be obtain data, immediately judge, decision taking or rejecting;
(3)Unify the specification is the foundation of data sorting, any data specifications all want to obey a decided format, and keep on an usage, can not change;
(4)Can rely on duplicator, but want to save a paper resources while wanting to unify the data of different specification;
(5)All want to note source on any document data, in order to quote from in the days to come, can pursue the source, background of data;
(6)Might as well settle the relevant data plait of same topic volume, and take into serial number, used for index;
(7)The duplicator is the most important assistance tool in personal work top, can bear very big workload, but want to carefully defend an abuse.
□ The electronics data tidies up technique
Word processing machine, tape recorder, video recorder, computer etc. the electronics data of the medium storage, compared with the past paper data, each have merit and shortcoming.
1. The characteristic of electronics data
The advantage of electronics data includes 4:
(1)Small scaled record medium but can collect a great deal of data;
(2)Be easy to process of data with again make use of;
(3)Can quickly but in brief search, categorize, sorting data contents;
(4)Use a telephone namely an ability is fast to deliver data.
However, the electronics data also has several weakness more lousy than paper data and include 5:00:
(1)Data entry and processing, have to pass appropriation machine and well-trained operation technique, otherwise can’t read;
(2)Can’t check to know a data contents from the outward appearance;
(3)The compatibility of data is lower than general document;
(4)Keep sex unsteady, easily have a moment to lose a great deal of danger of data;
(5)The cost ratio paper data is expensive.
Therefore, if want to adopt an electronics data processing method, first have to with circumspection consider respectively of merit and shortcoming.
2. The risk of electronics data
Most electronics data all keep in the magnetism medium, such as cassette tape and floppy disk…etc..The electronics data has volatility, have to convert into the magnetism data that don’t have volatility again.Record data in magnetism medium, mainly is for can quickly survey, however sometimes because the operation is false, usually the surprised trouble that the data encounters break or cancellation happen, even is a hard type floppy disk, may also cause the data record vaporize because of artificial negligence or disappear.
In fact, we are around full of many magnetism merchandises, like refrigerator door, magnetism handle knob, radio, television, stereo set speaking trumpet, magnetism necklace…etc., these are far more than the magnetism merchandise that people imagine, sometimes is also the indirect cutthroat which breaks floppy disk data, and the Earth be a huge magnetic field, the magnetism data is long-last to expose in thus of under the space at last and unavoidably may also change in character, this be why the cassette tape through appropriate conservancy still keep the reason of data disappearance happenning.Must remember:In no case can depend on the safety of electronics data.
Take the word processing machine of portable type as an example, it is to adopt IC card in order to remember medium, once the electric power of the battery the shortage or operation up have a little bit very small error and the data record will be in a twinkling suddenly disappearing.
3. The sorting point of electronics data
Can very clearly understand two sorting points of electronics data from the characteristic of electronics data:
(1)The data sense of vision turn.Record electronics data not the elephant general document processing, can on seeing to allly jot down a document, so have to pass the sorting of sense of vision, make the necessary data is in the necessity of time quick emergence, if neglected this, magnetism medium the elephant be a data ashcan and completely lost conservancy of meaning.
(2)Prevent°from surprised trouble.In order not to because of operation inappropriate, machine breakdown, power failure etc. abrupt affairs but cause the data lose, in advance draw up a perfect method is very important.Regardless using a portable type word processing machine is regardlessstill a high-efficiency data processing machine, have to have thus of understanding.
4. Use appropriate electronics data of the index sorting
(1)The sorting of tape.The recording that is on the work, mainly for the sake of the record person’s conversation contents, is and the tape of great majority is after complete writing record, it of the function seem to be to also follow to announce to terminate.This doesn’t mean that the tape is in need of the function of conservancy, after just being a contents to convert into written report, the tape rarely makes use of again of opportunity.On the contrary, the conversation used in business recording can replace with writing notes or other assistance tool, the “voice” isn’t the main purpose that it pursue, so once record sound the contents writing turn, tape no longer beneficial use value.Tape deluge in order not to, there is no the tape of “reserve voice” necessity, don’t need to be keep.
(2)The valid usage of tape.How use flexibly a tape on the work?Mainly have six work prefaces:
Prepare 10-20 winding tapes first, mark NO. 1 … one by one …of number, then put into appropriative”often have a cassette tape box”.
Prepare press the tape number that the row row order takes out a demand while leaving for outside recording, complete recording, note date and contents with the pencil.Each spool of tape had better record a topic.
Make a recording contents first after returning to a work post notes, put back a tape again to often have a cassette tape box.
While will work to need to use a tape next time, then continue to by turn use from the tape had never use last time, thus each a spool of tape keeps more than 20 usage time limits at least, be you to think again hard of hearing 1 time, the tape contents all can protect to stay in the in a short time and even 20 tapes again use and you can also keep “expiry date” of tape.
When the tape wants to again use, don’t forget to sell old index, re- mark clearly new index.
There is the tape that the necessity keeps over a long period of time, can will it of the outer shell throw , away reserve a tape with the document concerning contents and toghter put to have the file bag of the index into the mark in.End, again will new of the tape place in often have cassette tape box in.
The tape edits anthology to mean to gather together in a spool of tape at the recording contents of several tapes the dispersion.This work’s ising usually many is carry out by the broadcasting station, ordinary people in addition to music song outside, most likely don’t wish to replace a guest to be engaged in a thus tedious service, so in order not to bother, be engaged in recording work at ordinary times, practice a spool of tape a way of doing of topic possibly.
(3)The sorting of videotape.If the work up needs to record television program, so had better choose the VHS videotape of triple speed.Because a videotapes T-120s of dish two hourses can record a program for 6 hour, match a topic the principle of one dish tape.Have to record several programs in case of a dish videotape, so have to at videotape up mark clearly record count, then then can search each one to record a program according to the timetable on the videotape, and compute the surplus quantity that the blank take.
There is a side side mark that the simple method is direct in the videotape up time and contents name of each program, as long as check the above index, can immediately immediately find out the program contents that you want and it the length in time.
(4)The editor of 8 Li rices videotape.Take 8 Li rices video recorder records into a videotape briefing after carrying on an interview and investigating, already the that day benefit popularize of work method.Just editting a videotape has to have expertise, in the meantime process also very tedious difficulty.The SONY company releases a kind of hand used in profession to lift 8 Li rices videotape to edit machine currently, because of having a pair of cards to record function, in order to avoid thief from record, infringe upon a work power method, have to sell under the sistuation that don’t be publicity.This kind of operation which edits machine is very simple, as long as first time the mark beat into accomplished the mother take medium, can adhere to account the form carry on appearance to shear to connect.Each length of appearance is equal to 1/30, the card of the left side puts a mother to take, the card of the right side puts blank to take, basis the mother choose by you takes appearance, after pressing to shear a Ji button, the blank of the right side’s take will automatically record all of the appearance, writing, voice bottom.The metals videotape of 8 Li rices video recorder adoption, and video recorder is color degree signal and bright degree signal separate a processing, so whether quality after transcribe will be subjected to influence or not, can not know, but it be up to 10 have another ten thousand dollar prices, should belong to a commercial purpose.However also someone suggest, if want to edit a VHS videotape, can consider usage this kind of 8 Li rices machine, because of their properties likeness, the appearance quality is more ideal.
(5)The sorting of floppy disk.Along with computer universal, the floppy disk is similar to the document, become a work a top the important data of the indispensability, however it of data capacity, but fully compare paper top the data ascends few a hundredfolds more, only a very small disk, can accept 100~200 equal to piece the data of the A4 paperses quantity.Because of the increment of the data capacity, but make the floppy disk become a data ashcan, particularly meet with a floppy disk to accumulate more many more, will take place embarrassed condition of can not find the data.The effect of floppy disk lies in can repeat a record and make use of a data contents.For example when you prepare magazine up of serialize and gathering together into separate edition, often the exploitation store on the manuscript in the floppy disk and re- give correction, complement.But for again making use of the data on the floppy disk, have to design a kind of easy to immediately find out the way of data need.
In principle, a floppy disk had better record a topic, because the floppy disk can accept several data and in order to avoid waste, then as far as possible let a the data that floppy disk records same topic, then put the floppy disk of similar topic toghter and into appropriative file bag.Floppy disk data after print make into a writing if can’t make sure whether data will use again, then can prepare that another floppy disk gives conservancy or not, this kind of disk is called “ashcan floppy disk”.While handling data, this kind of in advance program of”back up space” is very important.While waiting until the capacity saturation of the ashcan floppy disk, again re- check, cancellation, and contents worthy of keep, induce to deposit other floppy disks respectively according to its topic.
3.5 inch floppy disks put China Times into the box, it of the openings department be at the right moment contrary with the position of general floppy disk, with the result that the writing of index become up and down reverse, search up very inconvenient.The design of each floppy disk brand is different, so had better unify to use a certain brand when the choice purchase a floppy disk.As for what floppy disk of design method most the benefit get married file, you might as well go to search on the market, more some kind of.
(6)The floppy disk crashes to avoid a method.Compared with the cassette tape of stereo set or video recorder, the floppy disk obviously and more can immediately keep or remove data in the pole in a short time and this means that the floppy disk has a very big risk.The many people all once had thus of experience:The data of the hard importation, usually because of a fit of of operation mistake, at moment turn into naught!Since use computer this kind of data machine, can’t get away from risk, so and why not let the machine have a set of the system existence for rectify at any time?
The American pple card appeared on market in 1987 the computer is additional 1 kind have automatically keep functional of new Hipa.card of the software program.Although this kind of machine promote the increment of suit software, don’t mean the mistake that can solve to probably take place.Want ～only along with the hard type disk of the computer or the word processing machine continuously universal, the data is disappear of the risk will follow to keep on increment.Take mackintosh as an example, appear on market in 1984 generation 3.5 floppy disk capacities only have a 400 KBs, 1987, it of hard type disk the capacity is unexpectedly up to a 20 MBs and fully progressed than three year agos 5000%.But along with hard type disk the increment of the category, the price with 20 MBs slides to several 10000 dollarses at the end of 87 years or so, connect personal hard type disks which purchase a 100 MBs all Be no longer fresh matter, but these the capacity is good enough to match in excellence 250 floppy disks of super memory, once have a little bit amiss, the loss result in by it perhaps hard imagination.
Though appear the machine of not a few prevention data disappearance on the market currently, or is good enough to make the disappeared data come back from the brink of death again of software, the hard type disk be after all also a kind of magnetism record medium, it still keeps suffering the surprised trouble that some softwares can’t resist.For example heavy earthquake or the traffic accident in the porterage process, all probably cause hard type disk of break down or damage.Must notice:The information-based company should understand, the risk undertake by large system, small scaled system also the similar meeting take place.
Hence, fully save the most important idea.Even when the data has already develop till electronical ages, fully save behavior to be still neglect by the ordinary people, save in fact and fully is a replication, the replication is to provide the data to the majority to totally have, for example with the printing of most artificial objects, with copy of a handful of artificial objectses.People make it a rule to thus of replication culture, but don’t make it a rule the replication of crisis management-fully save culture, so would cause frequently run off of the data.So, all autos that the data machine should have big scope in the beginning fully saved system, everybody shoulded also have to fully save to own work system of idea and technique.
(7)Different type the data of the model with each other changes Shu
Use electronics data to most make what person perplex nothing is better than to with each other change a work at different type the data of the model.Take soft type disk as an example, it of the specification include 8 inches, 5 inches, 3.5 inches and 2, it of the data density also arrives 2 HDs’(two-sided high definition) etc. from the IS(the one side single density) different, and the dissimilarity of brand model, record a method each difference, each other can hardly attain to completely and with each other change of effect.
However, with personal work scope to say, have three kinds of method can make up the shortage of data compatibility:
(1)While purchasing a new model, choose can with each other change the machine of data with past model.
(2)Different type the data of the model convert into oneself, the model can read of way.
(3)The choice keeps the model of data with the standard specification system.Concerning the firstly, have to specially what to notice BE, even is the same house of manufacturer, sometimes the new model of the factory just can’ted also read the data of old model.For example generation word processing machine protect
Data of save, the model in nowadays doesn’t have way reading.Concerning the second have three kinds of methods that can go:
The first make use of the service center conversion of the data conversion data.There is specialized a kind of service company turning the data that can’t with each other change currently model or floppy disk pattern hope by you.
The second, purchase data to with each other change a computer or with each other change software, by oneself transformation.However this kind of method needs to be invest tens of thousands to count 100,000 dollar expenseses.
The third, usage computer or the correspondence function in the word processing machine give a conversion.BE the most simple method, but have to can carry on under in the premise of the computer or the fish-eye correspondence function of the word processing machine to writing data.
Basically, the correspondence function of computer or word processing machine can read the writing data that the specification unify, even the model be different, each other also ability the freedom exchange data.The way which corresponds by letter function to with each other change data contains 2 kinds, 1 kind makes use of an electronics transmission method, the document of A machine through the computer network of the telephone importation, again with the electronics deliver the way turn into B machine;Another method is then link in A machine and B machine directly the correspondence use of cross correspondence electric cable, make use of the correspondence software of two models to handle a document.Correspond by letter function the data can with each other change, not be limited by pure writing data, so it with each other changes contribution to different type the data of the model and have already made it become widespread popularly row the product in ages.As for correspondence function of device method, then can ask manufactory or business agent.
As for choose the system of standard specification, just because of it of intercommunity, the data which contributes to various machine with each other changes a work.If aftertime wants to purchase word processing machine, don’t forget a choice can read standard specification system the model of the data.Though the operation function of word processing machine is worse, but because it can with each other change the data of lately old model, so, might as well consider that purchasing one set price is cheapest, and have the portable word processing machine of correspondence function, Be you of personal data with each other changes machine.
5. The regulation of”the electronics data tidy up”
The electronics data sorting should notice 8:00:
(1)The sorting of electronics data is the conservancy data that will not see to take in to tidy up, make it be able to is clear at a glance;
(2)Notice unify of data specification, and in advance take in to tidy up, keep, in order to can adjust a data of necessity at any time;
(3)The usage of tape as far as possible maintains the ideal condition of “a cassette tape with a spool of topic”;
(4)When the repeated opportunity to use of tape contents not much, should re- make use of to become disaster by avoiding a cassette tape after the short date of keep;
(5)There is the tape of necessary conservancy, put into the file bag after sticking the index of top and topic homology;
(6)Add a data of note time on the videotape, in order to clearly understand the place position of each appearance;
(7)The sorting of floppy disk had better maintain a file bag with a floppy disk of topic;
(8)The data of the floppy disk or hard type disk has to have to save.
□ The photograph data tidies up technique
Wasn’t than more troublesome matter of the sorting photograph any further.At photograph popular age, everybody gingerly glues photograph to stick at the photo album;When simpleton camera of the ages come, blunt print have been universal, film and photo album pile up at this time like mountain, on the contrary became the most headachy problem of people.Luckily the photograph had other mediums can’t act for of function, with the result that is not eliminate of destiny.
The photograph mainly has five functions:
(1)Catch momentary United States;
(2)Make up unclear memory;
(3)A photograph is good enough to inform to compare 100 informations with more words;
(4)The record is fresh to clearly reflect to be like;
(5)Can be use in printing medium up.In working data, the photograph is very important, particularly to newspaper, magazine medium, the existence of the photograph allows of no to neglect.
1. With time in proper order tidy up photograph data
Tidying up the initial principle of document data is the row row order which wants to press the sound preface, but while tidy up photograph, but should consider it of time sequence.The photograph is the inside of the process which records time of is also a kind of record which freezes time for an instant.While seeing a photograph, the inside of the brain presents first of BE”when clap?”So, the sorting photograph data should follow time of remember the inside sequence to arrange.
2. Tidy up the technique of photograph data
The sorting work of photograph, send to from the film blunt print a store to develop namely have already launch.The in color negative plate is an example, though”synchronously flush”(namely rush out negative plate, immediately after and then wash a photograph) has become ages new trend, but if have regard for the work of sorting, had better abandon for wonderful.Because ignore whether take success, whether deserve blunt print, develop all films synchronously of the way of doing be the waste of a kind of resources.Particularly is a work to photograph, worthy of and blunt the photograph print usually only several among those pieces, make use of”synchronously develop” is one surge fee.So, when the film deliver blunt print a store, the beard rushes out negative plate then, if doesn’t want to synchronously develop can’t, also the Mo forgot supplementary carry on black and white layering(the similar size photograph of the black and white negative plate) of blunt print.Moreover only have black and white because of the black and white film dichromatic, if want to judge the good and bad of the photograph from the negative plate, probably is a work for take a lot of doing, so can create negative plate first black and white original size piece(layering), then use a magnifier check, probably the effect be more ideal.
3. The regulation of”the sorting of photograph data”
Should the sorting of photograph data notice five items?
(1)The photograph data records for a kind of time, had better the ability tidies up according to the sequence in time;
(2)Film and black and white layering(mutually version) should become to put into the file bag;
(3)As far as possible little use synchronously blunt print, the only choice has necessary ppearance blunt put photograph, and with the document data toghter put into the file bag of same topic;
(4)Positive slice can make use of ready-made sorting system to take in to take care of;
(5)Choose the available appearance in the camera floppy disk, transcribe to get up at the conservancy in the VHS videotape.
□ The person data tidies up technique
The majority all ever for the sake of the sorting name card or contact address but wound deeply brains.Its reason nothing is better than in can not find a set of ideal sorting method.Everybody handles attitude and method of name card each have a dissimilarity, someone is in spite of bosom friend or pleasure of having met once and all treat the other party as personal property to bring into an address book;Someone register the relation is close of mailing address;Someone but all are welcome, even list as its kind of business information;But also someone the elephant politician’s sort like to send forth name card everywhere.Different occupation and different philosophy of life nature influenced everybody’s treatment, but can’t deny, on the business, “person” is really a very important information source.A person can borrow a talk on the phone how much person’s contact, enlargement how much social interaction, usually can see a person’s work real strenght, because”person” is to have a worth information most .
The basic sorting method of name card and address book includes 2:00:
1. The basic management method of name card and address book
The personal computer just rose in the 80’s and no one knew this Yan if the new trifle of jack-in-the-box, can produce much help to the work.In fact, in addition to the science and engineering fasten of number calculation and management manage and the computer didn’t produce huge change or contribution to personal work.When the research developer in the computer company engages in mental drudgery to think how to develop the use of computer, once the computer once was see as the machine of “helped an amateur to increase intelligence”, however arrived an end, but the computer walk ascend general commercial purpose, hence relevant the suit software of”the name card bark up ㄑ to block up the Ji last home Fu í”, is develop then and continuously.
Use the person data of the computer processing, have three greatest advantages:
(1)Can at liberty delete or increase list;
(2)Can quickly search;
(3)Can print importation data directly.All of these be the advantage that the paper data can’t attain.
However, with name card or address book of the computer management, still have three ineluctable weakness:
(1)Input homework very troublesome;
(2)Data of register would a year a year with gradually increase, the one day there will will exceed the extreme limit of capacity;
(3)Computer not the communication manual can along with take.Therefore, many people would not like to manage existing communication data with the computer,
Have to re- feed data again when it only and perhaps will appear more ideal electronics management system in the future, result in manpower and the waste in time.For all that, the great majority person still has been expect name card, address book of electronical, hence the notebook computer(or data processing machine) of the super and thin type that appear on market just last year, immediately became a market up of rob hand goods.
The communication manual that some governors use has already followed to use more than 20 years, although the outward appearance is old and unbearable, up to now but still very useful.Therefore if want name card, the address book electronical management, have to set 1 can keep on system for 10~20 years at least.Life of 20 year the in a flash namely leads and tidy up the information should also match with the plan of life.
According to some blemishes of name card, address book management, want to find out more ideal method currently, have to aim at five items to one by one improve:
(1)Importation need to spend to take a lot of time;
(2)The capacity of the data;
(3)Inspectional ability;
(4)Take sex;
(5)Keep on of the empress of 20 years sex.Then synthesize two important points again:?Creating 1 to take”paper data” as central management system first is electronical blue in the future originally;?Remake to make 1 in bluely the origin can be with the system of name card, address book contact.
Making work simple but don’ting bother is the great principle which tidies up data, if for the sake of sorting but make the affair become more complicated, on the contrary is a kind of way of doing which reverses a right and wrong.
2. Build up”paper data” is a central management system
The fabulous name card originated Europe for 17~18 centuries at the earliest stage, but the usage was the most of is a Japanese.The name card is seen to 1 kind
The symbol of identity position, Zong manager, Zong section chief, Zong assistant the 厖 , multifarious titles, well showed people the position value emphasize while exchange name card.
(1)The specification of name card.
Name card can be treated as the most familiar document data, particularly it of standard specification, save not a few efforts on the sorting.Relatively, if the specification disunity of name card, will become very tough on the sorting, so be good at to change name a slice of person of specification, is tantamount to make for the other people troublesome.The design of name card is unusual more, it of sorting efficiency low more, particularly some name cards like to adopt thick gorgeous tone, while copy sorting should once avoid black, prevent°from handwriting not clear.
The printing of name card is divided into horizontal type and Shu type 2 kinds, if consider collect of card case convenience, had better adopt a horizontal type printing for good.To the name card which print a company name, should note the property of business contents.
(2)The name card again processes.Name card sorting work from accept that a moment of name card then has already start.If can’t be correct to read a name of the other party or company name, can’t be according to the in proper order sorting name card of the national phonetic alphabet.Must note the time and date of meeting while receiving name card.For example on the afternoon of April 14, 19896:30 meet, so in recording the dime of name card”1989/04/14/1830″.Few years after, who are the host who be to forget this name card ?Where meet at?Hour, can browse the record of the date book in that year according to the date that the name card up notes, can make sure the identity of the other party very quickly.
(3)The rule of address book.Everybody needs an address book, but currently on the market the pattern sell to see, tidy up the address book really isn’t an easy matter.Particularly be an address book to prepare in the moment and almost have no an address book when using 20 years is above is conform to ideal standard.If press attention sign to line up the name on the address book, so-called”Zhang Wang2 Man3’s world”, Xing4 Zhang Xing4’s king’s person is specially many, so the number of pages comparison that each surname have then would be different, so consider that each surname use the dissimilarity of frequency, have to re- create the allotment address book of an ideal, for example make use of 6 bore blank page manual, increase or decrease the number of pages of each surname by oneself.As for take English letter of alphabet as to line up the communication manual of row order, because of not that in keeping with Chinese of surname, still early give up for good.If run into the form of address of foreigner or foreign company, then translate into Chinese first according to the phonetic alphabet in proper order alignment.Usually go toward comer with foreigner, then can add to note ABC letter of alphabet index at the back of the phonetic alphabet.
(4)Electronics communication manual.The address book is usually a kind of the data which adds or deletes, say to the person who usually changes a work and constantly delete and the increment will gradually result in the dirty dirty mark of address book.Hence, the electronics manual then emerges with the tide of the times.
The electronics product is simple to processing, unify of the communication data have been with proficiency, just it of the memory capacity be limited, can’t completely accept to accumulate over a long period of communication data, particularly be electronics communication a manual to prepare to use 20 years above, it has to have the memory capacity of few MBs at least, so have to depend on computer or the hard type disk in the word processing machine to put paid to.Make use of the data for need printer to printout, then binding into volume while making use of the sorting address book of the electronics machine.Can periodically input again to change in the computer at the paper homework first for the new data needing to be revise or deleting;Similarly, once in a while empress, have to print one more of all new address book.
The importation work of electronics manual bothers very much, a next in importance transfer into 100 people data, this needs a very big effort.Should notice two important points while remember the capacity limited circumstance:
Input telephone and fax number first, need not input an address;
As long as the importation uses the telephone number of frequency Gao at ordinary times.If input the usage frequency little telephone along together, since easily result in the capacity lead greatly, also wasted importation time in the meantime.So, input the telephone number into the front of the electronics manual, the usage frequency had better judge it first;Or will use the frequency low telephone number to one by one eliminate after accumulate a period of time.As far as possible use a code while inputting telephone number, for example 123-4567 of”-”, represent telephone number, 345=6799 of”=” representative facsimile machine number, 987*6543 of”*” representative residence telephone.
(5)Ideal electronics manual.Owing to long-term usage experience of the electronics manual, the relevant expert electronics manual within ideal have 2:00 request:(1)It is the basic speculation of “super electronics manual”.Well combine the paper last medium and electronics medium an usage, through comprehensive type compare and calculation, in the center again with six bores binding manual of the way string connect;(2)The medium have on the paper free and quickly keep the function of data safety, but this is exactly the biggest blemish of electronics data, so the super electronics manual should avert from this weakness and become the comprehensive medium that the electronics combines with paper.
(6)Computer address book.The biggest advantage which uses computer or the sorting address book of the word processing machine is the efficiency that the exaltation transcribes greeting card consignee name.The biggest effect of portable word processing machine make a greeting card.Every computer communication software, necessarily fish-eye postcard printing or consignee automatically print of function.The problem is the memory capacity of the computer limited, while attain the saturated circumstance, annually still get the bitterness bitterness transcribe those accept not under of personal name.Want to solve this hard nut to crack, the not wise method is the importation computer of the consignee name that need to be print, be don’t need to be print of the data protect to stay.If the number is still too saturated, disk or IC card of the usage plural are all better way.
Can make use of computer program first when make use of the printer prints consignee name name, address…etc. fixed specification enactment good, then print at a time the data of the owner.Copy these manuscripts datas for print several conservancies again to get up, in order to can also use in the future, need not waste the computer printings of printer.
3. The regulation of”the sorting of person data”
Should notice eight items while tidying up person data:
(1)Tidy up the name card press phonetic alphabet or letter of alphabet in proper order is a principle;
(2)The cent of name card sorting is personal do not, company do not, profession three big classification system, copy name card 3 respectively return back to file;
(3)While tidying up “work do not” name card, should will a certain relevant personage’s name card work is toghter copy in a piece of paper up, put go into should work of file bag in;
(4)While registering an address book, if the other party is a common employee, then register one of his data and enclose with a company name again;
(5)The paper data address book easily sheds off to lose, in response to namely and all re- copy for every half year or a year once;
(6)Electronical communication sorting because of consider remember capacity is limited, had better use paper data structure as a system blue print first;
(7)While making use of the printer function of computer, had better importation consignee name that need to be print;
(8)The data memory of electronics manual wants ～only importation telephone and facsimile machine number then
